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There are two kinds of nuts — those who are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable,Well said,now are you some kind of nut? You know they will be dragging your ass to jail while your reading that.
The word "carry" is a specifically employed "legal term of art." In other words, it's LEGALESE and does NOT mean the common "have on one's person" meaning ordinarily used in conversational English. (It's intent is to manufacture your consent, to give up your right to bear arms, in exchange for a licensed commercial activity of carrying firearms for hire. Firearms is another such dishonest legal term of art.)Was perplexed by his definition that "carry" does not mean "have on one's person".
I feel like playing...The word "carry" is a specifically employed "legal term of art." In other words, it's LEGALESE and does NOT mean the common "have on one's person" meaning ordinarily used in conversational English. (It's intent is to manufacture your consent, to give up your right to bear arms, in exchange for a licensed commercial activity of carrying firearms for hire. Firearms is another such dishonest legal term of art.)
The meaning of "carry" must be determined from its use in the Constitution and in the statutes, as determined by the following interpretive rules:
1. The legislature "...cannot invoke the sovereignty of the people to override their will as declared in the Constitution." Perry v. United States, 294 U.S. 330 (1935). (So "carry" can not be the same as "bear.")
2. The legislature "...cannot [redefine the words used in the Constitution], since it cannot by legislation alter the Constitution, from which alone it derives its power to legislate." Eisner v. Macomber, 252 U.S. 189 (1920). (So "carry" is not explicitly defined by the legislature!)
3. Since "The Constitution is a written instrument ... its meaning does not alter. That which it meant when adopted, it means now."
4. Words used in the constitution "...must be read with the ... significance of the experience to which they were addressed -- a significance not to be found in the dictionary;" United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56 (1950), therefore, the search for the meaning of words must begin with the constitution.
Here is how "carry" is used in the Constitution, both U.S. and Mass.:
Massachusetts Constitution, Articles of Amendment, Article XLVI, Section 2 (amended by Article CIII): "All moneys raised by taxation ..., and to carry out legal obligations...;" Article XLVIII, II., Section 2: "... the general court ... shall appropriate such money ... to carry such law into effect;" Article LXXXIII: "public offices ... carrying on the powers and duties of such offices..." and NOTE: "A Resolve providing for carrying the new Constitution into effect was passed..." and "... the General Court passed a law to ascertain and carry out the will of the people ..." The United States Constitution, Article. I., Section. 8., Clause 18: "Congress shall have Power To ... make all Laws ... for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers..."
Here is how "carry" is used in the Mass. General Laws:
"When the meaning of a statute is brought into question, a court properly should read other sections and should construe them together;" Commonwealth v. Robert Murphy, 409 Mass. 665 (1991), "...our rule of construction [is] that words in a statute must be considered in light of the other words surrounding them." Commonwealth v. Brooks, 366 Mass. 423 (1974); as "Undoubtedly, there is a natural presumption that identical words used in different parts of the same act are intended to have the same meaning." Atlantic Cleaners & Dyers, Inc. v. United States, 286 U.S. 427 (1932):
MGL 64F § 2 requires a license for "motor carriers" to carry;
MGL 159B § 4 requires a permit for "contract carriers" to carry;
MGL 159B § 8 requires a certificate for "common carriers" to carry;
MGL 159B § 10 requires registration of "interstate carriers" to carry;
MGL 159B § 15A requires a permit for "agricultural carriers" to carry;
MGL 140 § 131 "A license shall entitle a holder thereof to carry firearms..."
MGL 266 § 38 states carriers are "in the business of transporting...property for hire;"
MGL 161A § 47 authorizes bus carriers "for the carrying of passengers for hire;"
MGL 90 § 51M (2017) grants public and private carriers "license...for the transportation of persons for hire;"
MGL 159 § 12 regulates common carriers in the "carriage of passengers for hire;"
MGL 161 § 52 states carriers of mail are companies that carry the mail for hire;
MGL 90 § 49O (2017) states public air carriers are "engaged...in...air transportation for hire;"
MGL 41 § 98 authorizes police officers the "powers and duties" to "carry" weapons;
MGL 147 § 8A provides sheriffs, his deputies, and any similar officer may carry weapons in the performance of their duties;
MGL 140 § 131P exempts any [officer, agent or employee, member of the military or other service who] is authorized ... to carry or possess [a] weapon [when] acting within the scope of his duties to be exempt from the basic firearms safety certificate;
MGL 147 § 29A requires any watch, guard or patrol agency to maintain daily records of guards and other employees carrying guns in the performance of their duties; where watchmen, guards, private patrolmen or other persons, described in MGL 147 § 22 are those who, "for hire or reward, ... protect persons or property;" and finally, while MGL 147 § 21A provides that "A police cadet shall ... not carry arms." (Notably, § 21A does not prohibit cadets from "bearing arms.")
Finally, "...the law is the definition and limitation of power." Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886) and "Thus far, we have not traveled, in our search for the meaning of the lawmakers, beyond the borders of the statute." United States v. Great Northern Railway Co., 287 U.S. 144 (1932). In other words, if the law doesn't describe "carry" to mean the ordinary to "have on one's person," then it must not be presumed to mean so, and it's meaning is confined to the context in which it is used in the published law.
The price of Liberty is your diligent reading of what our politicians are proposing in our laws, the vigilance to ensure that they do not exceed the powers we delegate to them, and the courage to make them accountable to us at all times. Massachusetts Constitution, Part the First, See Article V.
Afterall, politicians are our substitutes and agents...
I feel like playing...
The examples you show here are not definitions within the law or constitution but rather uses of the word "carry". In the law, as in the rest of the world (well maybe not your world), a word's meaning will either be defined or is used as is commonly accepted or it will be specifically defined for use within the given chapter. If you want to fight what is commonly accepted as the meaning of the word, you certainly can do that. But you would lose because carry and bear are commonly accepted as the same thing in most context. And context also matters. And the absence of a definition does not allow you to pick any definition you want. And ultimately context will also matter.
If you represent yourself, wouldn't it be wise to at least use a State provided lawyer? ... at least to have the dude give some advice on the background while you prepare all the work, it can't hurt. Or maybe hav etje guy file whatever paperwork needs to be filed while you prepare your defense.I’m not a lawyer but I know a thing or two about planning and tactics, not so dissimilar to a court case in theory. If I was a lawyer representing you, I’d refuse to take your case just out of principle and lack of information security surrounding your intent and defense.
I understand that you’re representing yourself, which is entirely fool hardy in itself, but I can’t see you doing yourself any favors by these long rambling posts. A fool and his freedom are soon departed, or something like that.
The state provides a lawyer only after you have liquidated your savings, home equity and retirement funds.If you represent yourself, wouldn't it be wise to at least use a State provided lawyer? ... at least to have the dude give some advice on the background while you prepare all the work, it can't hurt. Or maybe hav etje guy file whatever paperwork needs to be filed while you prepare your defense.
Serious question - I would like to hear some opinions on that.
I wouldn’t represent myself on a traffic ticket appeal in MA, never mind on an alleged felony gun charge with a side of hooker attached to it.If you represent yourself, wouldn't it be wise to at least use a State provided lawyer? ... at least to have the dude give some advice on the background while you prepare all the work, it can't hurt. Or maybe hav etje guy file whatever paperwork needs to be filed while you prepare your defense.
Serious question - I would like to hear some opinions on that.
It's fine to represent yourself if you prefer the consequences of losing the case to paying the legal fee.I wouldn’t represent myself on a traffic ticket appeal in MA,
I actually think I saw @drgrant flip me off like 3x on the highway for camping before I ever met him here. lmao
(Worked for me).I drive like an old man these days, but camping was less of a problem than my sad attempts at humor. lol
I’ll tell you what man, with my body and your brains, we could rule this block. lol
OP still talking like the judge is going to let him present all this to a jury. He's going to melt down when the judge says STFU or be locked up for contempt until you do.
OP can drag the trial out, and appeal and appeal, but the reality is he can't win by taking this path. And NO, SCOTUS will never take up this case even if it does get submitted to them. You can take the position that he's fighting for freedom, but the way he is doing it is a guarantee lose with a high likelihood of negative repercussions to the overall gun ownership issue.
If you want to fight, at least take a position and approach that may help, or at least won't add to the damage. What you're doing is hurting the 2a cause, not helping.
And OP, you need to keep this in mind because it will come up. you had an LTC, so at one point you knew you needed one. It was only after it was taken away that you adopted the position that you didn't need one. A good prosecutor will want to know what points of law changed between you understanding the requirement and your new position that an LTC is not required..... Or is just because you lost yours? Juries don't like it when the accused changes to a different belief system when the original becomes inconvenient. And "beyond reasonable doubt" means what the jury says it means, not what you say it means.
And you statements where you list "Can he prove beyond a reasonable doubt..." The prosecution doesn't have to prove any of this. You want him to, but he doesn't have to. The jury will start out believing carry and bear mean the same thing. The prosecutor needs to do nothing. You on the other hand need to prove that something that has been taken as a given is actually the opposite and do so in a way that will convince the jury. A jury with a short attention span and a relatively low average IQ. Do you really think you current argument fits that?
Haven't you learned that in the Commiewealth, Truth doesn't stand a chance?