Zero.
Artillery propellant comes in bags. The shell is rammed into the rifling from the breach, and then the prescribed number of bags is put in behind it. Close the breach, put in a primer, connect the firing lanyard, and wait for the order.
Excess bags are dumped in a burn pit and set afire before the battery relocates, or whenever the pit gets full.
This stuff is just smokeless propellant, not an explosive, just a big version of what all reloaders on this forum have.
Jerry Miculek lives and shoots right next door. On a recent video, he commented about having to hurry to get his trick shot done before the smoke blew over his range.
That's all that is really required: lay it out in a line, and set it on fire.
I guess I simply assumed these were howitzer shells, not from the USS Iowa!